Nusantara Knowledge

constitution-1945

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Undang-Undang Dasar 1945

English (EN)

The Foundation of the Republic

The 1945 Constitution of Indonesia (Undang-Undang Dasar 1945) is the foundational legal document of the Republic of Indonesia. Drafted by BPUPKI in July 1945 and adopted on 18 August 1945, the constitution established the framework for a unified, independent Indonesia, enshrined the Pancasila as the state philosophy, and created the presidential system of government that has shaped the nation’s political life for over seven decades.

DetailInformation
Adopted18 August 1945
Drafted ByBPUPKI
Key FigureSukarno, Hatta
State PhilosophyPancasila
SystemPresidential system
AmendmentsFour amendments (1999–2002)

The Drafting Process

The constitution was drafted during the second session of BPUPKI in July 1945. The committee debated the form of the state, the powers of the president, and the philosophical foundation of the nation. The final draft was adopted by the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI) on 18 August 1945, one day after the proclamation of independence.

The Structure

The 1945 Constitution consists of:

  • The Preamble: Declaring the principles of the nation and the Pancasila.
  • The Articles: 37 articles covering the structure of government, the rights of citizens, and the powers of the state.
  • The Amendments: Four amendments between 1999 and 2002, which reformed the political system, established a constitutional court, and expanded democratic participation.

Pancasila

The constitution enshrines Pancasila as the state philosophy—the five principles articulated by Sukarno in his 1 June 1945 speech. Pancasila serves as the moral and ideological foundation of the Indonesian state.

Constitution 1945 and the Dark Lines

Dark LineConnection
**[[three-realmsThe Three Realms]]**
**[[the-forth-realmThe Fourth Realm]]**
**[[mana-curseThe Mana Curse]]**
**[[210-day-contractThe 210-Day Contract]]**

Story Hook: The Last Article

On 18 August 1945, the members of PPKI gathered to sign the constitution. The document was short—only 37 articles—but its significance was immense. One member said: “This document is not just a law. It is the birth certificate of a nation. It is the promise that we make to ourselves—that we will be free, that we will be united, that we will be just. For generations to come, this document will guide us.”

“This constitution is not just a piece of paper. It is the soul of the nation. It is the promise that we make to our children and our children’s children—that they will inherit a free Indonesia. We must guard it with our lives.” — A member of PPKI

Visual Imagery

The 1945 Constitution is often depicted in historical photographs and art as:

  • The document itself—yellowed paper, typed text, signatures of the founders.
  • The PPKI session—members seated around a long table, the constitution before them.
  • The portrait of Sukarno—signing the document.
  • The first copy of the constitution—preserved in the National Archives.

中文 (ZH)

共和国的基础

印度尼西亚1945年宪法（Undang-Undang Dasar 1945）是印度尼西亚共和国的基本法律文件。由BPUPKI于1945年7月起草，于1945年8月18日通过，该宪法为统一、独立的印度尼西亚建立了框架，将潘查希拉确立为国家哲学，并创建了总统制政府体系。

起草过程

该宪法于1945年7月在BPUPKI第二次会议期间起草。

Bahasa Indonesia (ID)

Dasar Republik

Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 adalah dokumen hukum dasar Republik Indonesia. Disusun oleh BPUPKI pada Juli 1945 dan diadopsi pada 18 Agustus 1945, konstitusi ini menetapkan kerangka bagi Indonesia yang bersatu dan merdeka, mengabadikan Pancasila sebagai falsafah negara.

Proses Penyusunan

Konstitusi ini disusun selama sidang kedua BPUPKI pada Juli 1945.

知识关联

历史

政治

哲学与暗线

双链闭环结构图

constitution-1945（1945年宪法）
↕ 印尼共和国的基础法律文件
├── bpupki（组织·起草者）
├── pancasila（哲学·潘查希拉）
├── indonesian-independence（历史·印尼独立）
├── sukarno（人物·苏加诺）
├── hatta（人物·穆罕默德·哈达）
├── indonesian-constitution（政治·印尼宪法）
├── indonesian-government（政治·印尼政府）
├── three-realms（暗线·三界的治理）
├── the-forth-realm（暗线·未来的承诺）
├── mana-curse（暗线·反诅咒的契约）
└── 210-day-contract（暗线·宪法周期）

关系图谱

反向链接