Kerajaan Kutai
English (EN)
The Kutai Kingdom was an ancient Hindu kingdom located in present-day East Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo. It is the earliest known kingdom in Indonesian history, with evidence dating to approximately the 4th century CE. The kingdom’s existence is known primarily from seven stone pillars called the Yupa inscriptions, found near the Mahakam River. These inscriptions, written in Pallava script and Sanskrit, record the reign of King Mulawarman, who gave 20,000 cows to Brahmins—an act of great generosity that suggests a prosperous and well-organized kingdom.
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Period | c. 4th–16th century CE |
| Location | East Kalimantan, along the Mahakam River |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Language | Sanskrit (inscriptions), local languages |
| Known Rulers | Kudungga, Aswawarman, Mulawarman |
| Key Evidence | Yupa inscriptions (7 stone pillars) |
| Successor | Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate (Islam) |
The Yupa Inscriptions
The Yupa inscriptions are the oldest written records in Indonesian history. They describe:
- King Mulawarman’s genealogy
- His generous gifts to Brahmins
- The prosperity of the kingdom
- Religious rituals performed at a sacred site The inscriptions demonstrate that Indian cultural influence had reached Borneo by the 4th century, long before the great empires of Srivijaya and Majapahit.
Later History
The Hindu kingdom eventually declined and was replaced by the Islamic Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate in the 16th–17th centuries. The sultanate continued to rule until the Dutch colonial period.
中文 (ZH)
库泰王国是位于今东加里曼丹婆罗洲岛上的古代印度教王国。它是印尼历史上已知最早的王国，证据可追溯至约公元4世纪。 该王国的存在主要通过七根名为Yupa碑铭的石柱得知，发现于马哈坎河附近。这些碑铭用帕拉瓦文字和梵文写成，记录了国王**穆拉瓦尔曼** 的统治，他向婆罗门赐予了20,000头牛——这一慷慨之举表明了一个繁荣且组织良好的王国。
Bahasa Indonesia (ID)
Kerajaan Kutai adalah kerajaan Hindu kuno yang terletak di Kalimantan Timur sekarang, di pulau Kalimantan. Ini adalah kerajaan paling awal yang diketahui dalam sejarah Indonesia, dengan bukti berasal dari sekitar abad ke-4 M. Keberadaan kerajaan ini terutama diketahui dari tujuh tiang batu yang disebut prasasti Yupa, ditemukan di dekat Sungai Mahakam. Prasasti ini, ditulis dalam aksara Pallawa dan bahasa Sanskerta, mencatat pemerintahan Raja Mulawarman , yang memberikan 20.000 sapi kepada Brahmana—tindakan kedermawanan besar yang menunjukkan kerajaan yang makmur dan teratur.
知识关联
地理
- east-kalimantan · 东加里曼丹
- mahakam-river · 马哈坎河
- borneo · 婆罗洲
- kalimantan · 加里曼丹
历史
哲学与暗线
- three-realms · 三界
- the-forth-realm · 第四界
- mana-curse · 灵力回缩诅咒
- 210-day-contract · 210天契约
索引导航
- historical-overview · 历史总览
- geographical-overview · 地理总览
双链闭环结构图
kutai-kingdom（库泰王国）
├── east-kalimantan（地理·今所在地）
├── mahakam-river（地理·生命线）
├── borneo（地理·岛屿）
├── kalimantan（地理·区域）
├── indianization-of-indonesia（历史·文化影响）
├── three-realms（暗线·三界）
├── the-forth-realm（暗线·第四界）
├── mana-curse（暗线·灵力诅咒）
└── 210-day-contract（暗线·210天契约）