Kaharingan
English (EN)
Kaharingan is the indigenous animist religion of the Dayak peoples of Borneo. It is a faith centered on the veneration of ancestral spirits and the belief in a supreme deity, often referred to as Ranying Maharalla or Ranying Hatalla Langit—the Supreme God who resides in the sky.
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Tradition | Animism / Indigenous religion |
| Practitioners | Dayak peoples (especially in Kalimantan) |
| Supreme Deity | Ranying Maharalla (Supreme God) |
| Key Rituals | Tiwah (funerary), ancestor veneration |
| Status | Officially recognized as a religion in Indonesia |
| Relation | Pre-dates and coexists with Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity |
Beliefs
Kaharingan cosmology holds that the universe consists of three layers: the sky (upper realm), the earth (middle realm), and the underworld (lower realm)—a structure that resonates with the Three Realms concept. The Balian (shaman) serves as a mediator between these realms, performing rituals to maintain cosmic balance.
Rituals
The most important ritual is Tiwah (secondary burial), a complex ceremony to send the soul of the deceased to the afterlife. Other rituals include harvest ceremonies, healing rituals, and the mangure (longhouse blessing).
Modern Status
Kaharingan was officially recognized as a religion in Indonesia in 1980, though many Dayak have converted to Christianity and Islam.
中文 (ZH)
卡哈林甘信仰是婆罗洲达雅克人的本土万物有灵宗教。这是一种以崇敬祖先之灵和相信至高神为中心的信仰，至高神常被称为Ranying Maharalla——居住在天空的至高神。 卡哈林甘宇宙观认为宇宙由三层组成：天空（上界）、大地（中界）和地下（下界）——与三界概念相呼应的结构。最重要的仪式是提瓦（二次葬礼），一种将逝者灵魂送往来世的复杂仪式。
Bahasa Indonesia (ID)
Kaharingan adalah agama animis asli masyarakat Dayak di Kalimantan. Ini adalah iman yang berpusat pada pemujaan roh leluhur dan kepercayaan pada dewa tertinggi, sering disebut sebagai Ranying Maharalla. Kosmologi Kaharingan menyatakan bahwa alam semesta terdiri dari tiga lapisan: langit (alam atas), bumi (alam tengah), dan dunia bawah (alam bawah)—sebuah struktur yang beresonansi dengan konsep Tiga Alam. Ritual terpenting adalah Tiwah (pemakaman sekunder).
知识关联
民族与文化
- dayak-people · 达雅克人
- kalimantan · 加里曼丹
- borneo · 婆罗洲
哲学与暗线
- three-realms · 三界
- the-forth-realm · 第四界
- mana-curse · 灵力回缩诅咒
- 210-day-contract · 210天契约
索引导航
- cultural-overview · 文化总览
双链闭环结构图
kaharingan（卡哈林甘信仰）
├── dayak-people（文化·信仰者）
├── kalimantan（地理·加里曼丹）
├── borneo（地理·婆罗洲）
├── three-realms（暗线·三界的体现）
├── the-forth-realm（暗线·第四界）
├── mana-curse（暗线·灵力诅咒）
└── 210-day-contract（暗线·210天契约）