Mataram Kingdom
English (EN)
Mataram Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom that flourished from the 8th to 11th centuries. It is remembered for its monumental temple construction, including the world-famous borobudur and prambanan.
Two Dynasties
- Sanjaya Dynasty: Built the magnificent Hindu temple of prambanan, dedicated to Trimurti (Shiva, Vishnu, Brahma).
- Sailendra Dynasty: Built the world’s largest Buddhist monument, borobudur, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Cultural Achievement
The Mataram Kingdom saw a golden age of Javanese art, literature, and architecture. The harmonious coexistence of Hindu and Buddhist traditions during this period is remarkable and unique in world history.
Decline
In the early 11th century, Mataram declined due to internal power struggles and volcanic eruptions (Mount Merapi), and the political center shifted eastward to the Kediri region.
中文 (ZH)
马打兰王国 是8至11世纪爪哇岛中部和东部的印度教-佛教王国，以修建了世界文化遗产 婆罗浮屠 和 普兰巴南 而永载史册。
两大王朝
- 夏连特拉王朝（约8-9世纪）：大乘佛教的坚定护持者，修建了世界最大佛塔 婆罗浮屠。
文化成就
马打兰时期是爪哇古典文明的黄金时代。佛教与印度教在这一时期和谐共存，堪称世界宗教史上的奇迹。马打兰的文学、浮雕艺术和建筑技术对后世影响深远。
衰落
11世纪初，马打兰因内部权力斗争和默拉皮火山喷发而逐渐衰落，政治中心向东迁至谏义里地区。
Bahasa Indonesia (ID)
Kerajaan Mataram adalah kerajaan Hindu-Buddha Jawa yang berkembang dari abad ke-8 hingga ke-11, terkenal karena membangun borobudur dan prambanan.
知识关联
- singhasari · 新柯沙里王国
- java · 爪哇岛
- prambanan · 普兰巴南
- merapi · 默拉皮火山