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downstreaming industrial policy

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Downstreaming Industrial Policy

下游化工业政策

Kebijakan Hilirisasi Industri

English (EN)

From Raw Materials to Manufactured Goods

The Downstreaming Industrial Policy (Hilirisasi) is a bold economic strategy that bans the export of raw minerals and requires domestic processing. It is transforming Indonesia from a raw material exporter into a global manufacturing hub, with nickel, copper, and bauxite at the center.[reference:7][reference:8]

The Strategy

ElementDescription
Raw Material BanExport of unprocessed minerals is prohibited
Domestic ProcessingMinerals must be processed in Indonesia
Value AdditionCreating higher-value products domestically
InvestmentAttracting investment in processing facilities

The Key Commodities

CommodityRole
NickelThe centerpiece — Indonesia is the world’s largest nickel producer[reference:9]
CopperA key mineral for the policy
BauxiteA key mineral for the policy
TinA key mineral for the policy

The Investment Impact

Metric2025 Data
Total InvestmentRp1,931.2 trillion (US$120.7 billion)[reference:10]
Downstream InvestmentRp584.1 trillion (US$36.5 billion) — 30.2% of total[reference:11]
GrowthUp 43.3% from a year earlier[reference:12]
Outside Java71.1% of downstream projects are outside Java[reference:13]

The Nickel Success

Nickel is the centerpiece of the policy:

DetailDescription
Nickel InvestmentRp185.2 trillion in 2025[reference:14]
Global Supply ChainIndonesia is a key player in the electric vehicle supply chain[reference:15]
LocationCentral Sulawesi and North Maluku are the nickel hubs[reference:16]

The Critique

CritiqueDescription
WTO DisputesThe policy has faced WTO challenges
Environmental ImpactProcessing causes environmental damage
Economic DependenceDependence on a few commodities

Story Hooks for Creators

  1. The Nickel Baron — A story of the new industrialists who built their fortunes on downstreaming.
  2. The Smelter — A worker in a nickel smelter in Central Sulawesi — a story of labor, ambition, and the cost of progress.
  3. The WTO Challenge — A diplomat fighting to defend Indonesia’s downstreaming policy at the WTO.

中文 (ZH)

从原材料到制成品

下游化工业政策是一项禁止出口原矿并要求国内加工的经济战略。

关键商品

商品角色
镍核心商品
铜关键矿物
铝土矿关键矿物

故事钩子

  1. 镍矿大亨 —— 靠下游化发家的新工业家的故事。
  2. 冶炼厂 —— 中苏拉威西镍冶炼厂的工人。
  3. 世贸挑战 —— 在世贸组织捍卫下游化政策的外交官。

Bahasa Indonesia (ID)

Dari Bahan Mentah ke Barang Jadi

Kebijakan Hilirisasi Industri adalah strategi ekonomi yang melarang ekspor mineral mentah.

Kait Cerita

  1. Baron nikel
  2. Pabrik peleburan
  3. Tantangan WTO

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