Indonesia’s presidency of the Group of Twenty (G20) in 2022 was a landmark in Indonesian diplomacy. The presidency culminated in the G20 Bali Summit on November 15-16, 2022, and showcased Indonesia’s role as a bridge-builder amid global geopolitical polarization.[reference:35]
The Context
Factor
Description
Geopolitical Polarization
The Russia-Ukraine war had divided the G20 members[reference:36]
Indonesia’s Role
As G20 president, Indonesia had to maintain consensus[reference:37]
The Challenge
Western powers wanted to condemn Russia; others resisted[reference:38]
The Strategy
Indonesia employed a sophisticated diplomatic strategy:
Tactic
Description
Shuttle Diplomacy
Intensive diplomacy with all G20 members[reference:39]
Neutral Language
Carefully crafted wording acceptable to all parties[reference:40]
Active-Inclusive Approach
Balancing domestic interests with global pressures[reference:41]
Bridge-Building
Positioning Indonesia as a mediator, not a partisan[reference:42]
The Outcome
Achievement
Description
Bali Leaders’ Declaration
The first G20 declaration since February 2022[reference:43]
Consensus Maintained
Despite deep polarization, all members signed[reference:44]
Indonesia’s Reputation
Demonstrated Indonesia as a trustworthy partner[reference:45]
The Four Dimensions of Indonesia’s Interests
Indonesia embedded its national interests into four dimensions:[reference:46]
Dimension
Description
Non-Traditional Security
Health, climate, and energy security
Strategic Economy
Energy transition, digitalization, food security
Inclusive Global Order
Reform of global governance
Ideological Values
The bebas aktif principle
The Significance
Aspect
Significance
Global Recognition
Indonesia demonstrated its role as a major player[reference:47]
Middle Power Diplomacy
Showcased the effectiveness of middle-power leadership[reference:48]
Bridge-Builder
Reinforced Indonesia’s identity as a bridge between competing powers[reference:49]
Story Hooks for Creators
The Bali Declaration — The tense days of November 2022, when Indonesian diplomats worked around the clock to secure consensus.
The Shuttle Diplomat — An Indonesian diplomat flying between Washington, Beijing, Moscow, and European capitals — a story of diplomacy under pressure.
The Bridge — A story of how Indonesia’s bebas aktif tradition was tested and proven in the crucible of the G20.
中文 (ZH)
世界舞台上的印尼
印尼2022年担任二十国集团（G20） 主席国是印尼外交的里程碑。
战略
策略
描述
穿梭外交
与所有G20成员密集外交
中立语言
精心措辞
桥梁建设
定位为调解者
故事钩子
巴厘宣言 —— 2022年11月印尼外交官昼夜工作的紧张日子。
穿梭外交官 —— 在华府、北京、莫斯科之间穿梭的外交官。
桥梁 —— 印尼不结盟传统在G20考验中得到证明的故事。
Bahasa Indonesia (ID)
Indonesia di Panggung Dunia
Presidensi Indonesia di G20 tahun 2022 adalah tonggak sejarah diplomasi Indonesia.